If you are preparing for a child support case, one of the first questions you may face is how the court calculates support. A key part of that process is each parent’s gross income. While many parents assume this only means wages from a steady job, Virginia law actually includes several types of earnings and financial benefits when determining child support.
Knowing exactly what counts as income can help you prepare for the process and better estimate possible child support obligations.
Employment income
Most child support calculations begin with income earned through employment. Courts usually look at a parent’s gross income. This is the total amount before taxes, insurance premiums and other deductions are taken out.
Employment income may include salaries, overtime pay, bonuses, commissions and tips. Self-employment earnings may also count. If you run a business or work as an independent contractor, the court may review business records to determine actual earnings.
Other types of income
Virginia courts may also consider earnings from sources outside of your regular employment. These sources can still reflect a parent’s ability to contribute to a child’s financial needs. Examples may include:
- Additional earnings from contract work, gig work or a second job
- Rental income from property
- Interest or dividend earnings from investments
- Pension or retirement payments
- Disability or unemployment benefits
- Workers’ compensation benefits
Including these sources helps the court review each parent’s full financial picture when calculating support.
When courts may “assign” income
In certain situations, a court may determine that a parent has the ability to earn more than they currently report. When this happens, the court may assign an estimated income amount.
This step may occur when a judge believes a parent is earning less than they reasonably could based on their skills, education or work history. The court may then use that estimated amount when applying child support guidelines.
Preparing financial information for child support
Child support decisions rely on accurate financial information. Small differences in how you report your income can affect the final support amount.
Because several types of income may count, understanding how Virginia law treats different earnings can help you prepare your financial information. Legal guidance during the process may also help you present accurate details and avoid misunderstandings.
